Meta’s Capitalist Strategy
Contents
19.2. Meta’s Capitalist Strategy#
Now that we’ve looked at what capitalism is, let’s pick a particular example of a social media company (Meta, which owns Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, etc.), and look at its decisions through a capitalism lens.
19.2.1. Surveillance Capitalism#
Meta’s way of making profits fits in a category called Surveillance Capitalism.
Surveillance capitalism began when internet companies started tracking user behavior data to make their sites more personally tailored to users. These companies realized that this data was something that they could profit from, so they began to collect more data than strictly necessary (“behavioral surplus”) and see what more they could predict about users. Companies could then sell this data about users directly, or (more commonly), they could keep their data hidden, but use it to sell targeted advertisements. So, for example, Meta might let an advertiser say they want an ad to only go to people likely to be pregnant. Or they might let advertizes make ads go only to “Jew Haters” (which is ethically very bad, and something Meta allowed).
19.2.2. Meta’s Business Model#
So, what Meta does to make money (that is, how shareholders get profits), is that they collect data on their users to make predictions about them (e.g., demographics, interests, etc.). Then they sell advertisements, giving advertisers a large list of categories that they can target for their ads.
The way that Meta can fulfill their fiduciary duty in maximizing profits is to try to get:
More users: If Meta has more users, it can offer advertisers more people to advertise to.
More user time: If Meta’s users spend more time on Meta, then it has more opportunities to show ads to each user, so it can sell more ads.
More personal data: The more personal data Meta collects, the more predictions about users it can make. It can get more data by getting more users, and more user time, as well as finding more things to track about users.
Reduce competition: If Meta can become the only social media company that people use, then they will have cornered the market on access to those users. This means advertisers won’t have any alternative to reach those users, and Meta can increase the prices of their ads.