Ch 3 (Twitter) Practice: Statements and Variables#

This Python Notebook is a chance for you to try out the programming concepts we have covered thus far.

As we mentioned previously in the first bot demo (2.3.8), in order to run the code, you can look for the rocket button at the top which will give you an option to “launch binder”

If you launch binder, it will take a while to load, but eventually show you a version of this page Jupyter Notebook in a code editor called Jupyter Lab

In Jupyter Lab you can double click any section to edit it, and you can press the triangle “run” button to run the code (or display the text).

When the code runs, the little number to the left of the code block should change. There might also be some output from your action displyed below the code block.

So now you can go through the rest of this page and try out the practice exercises for yourself!

Variables#

You will first practice saving values into variables. Remember, the way we save a value into a variable is like this:

variable_name = value

First, save the piece of text “I am writing a computer program!” into a variable called my_progress

my_progress = "I am writing a computer program!"

Viewing variables in the debugger#

Before we continue, we are going to show you how to open the debugger so you can see what is being saved in your variables.

On the tp right of this tab, press the small bug icon to “enable debugging”:

Then, if you did the step above correctly, you should see the variable my_progress with the value “I am writing a computer program!” next to it:

Practice number variables#

First, write and run a line of code to save the value 5 into a variable named number_of_pies

number_of_pies = 5

Now, save the value 12.5 into a variable named cost_per_pie

cost_per_pie = 12.5

Now make a new variable called total_pie_cost and save into the value of the number_of_pies multiplied by the cost_per_pie.

Note: In python (and many programming languages), the symbol for multiply is *

total_pie_cost = number_of_pies * cost_per_pie

Now use the display function to display what is saved in total_pie_cost

display(total_pie_cost)

62.5

More variable practice#

Now, make a new variable called first_name and assign your first name to it

first_name = "Kyle"

Now, make a variable calles last_name and save your last name to it

last_name = "Thayer"

Create a variable called age and assign your age to it.

age = 38

~ A year goes by ~

Increase the age variable by 1.

age = age + 1

Now write three lines of code, with each line using display to show what is saved in first_name, last_name, and `age

display(first_name)
display(last_name)
display(age)

'Kyle'

'Thayer'

Sleep#

In order to use sleep, we must first import it from the time library

from time import sleep

Now try displaying 5 messages of your choosing, with some pauses between each one:

display("message 1")
sleep(.01) #I am making these pauses small to make the book build faster
display("message 2")
sleep(.02)
display("message 3")
sleep(.01)
display("message 4")
sleep(0.05)
display("message 5")

'message 1'

'message 2'

'message 3'

'message 4'

'message 5'

Twitter Bot Practice#

Now lets try a twitter bot with variables and sleep!

Load Tweepy Library#

First, we need to load the tweepy library

# Load some code called "tweepy" that will help us work with twitter
import tweepy

(Optional) Make a fake twitter connection with the fake_tweepy library#

For testing purposes, we’ve added this line of code, which loads a fake version of tweepy, so it wont actually connect to twitter. If you want to try to actually connect to twitter, don’t run this line of code.%run ../../fake_tweepy/fake_tweepy.ipynb

%run ../../fake_tweepy/fake_tweepy.ipynb

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
OSError                                   Traceback (most recent call last)
File C:\Python310\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\magics\execution.py:696, in ExecutionMagics.run(self, parameter_s, runner, file_finder)
    695     fpath = arg_lst[0]
--> 696     filename = file_finder(fpath)
    697 except IndexError as e:

File C:\Python310\lib\site-packages\IPython\utils\path.py:91, in get_py_filename(name)
     90 else:
---> 91     raise IOError('File `%r` not found.' % name)

OSError: File `'../../fake_tweepy/fake_tweepy.ipynb.py'` not found.

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Exception                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
Input In [14], in <cell line: 1>()
----> 1 get_ipython().run_line_magic('run', '../../fake_tweepy/fake_tweepy.ipynb')

File C:\Python310\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\interactiveshell.py:2305, in InteractiveShell.run_line_magic(self, magic_name, line, _stack_depth)
   2303     kwargs['local_ns'] = self.get_local_scope(stack_depth)
   2304 with self.builtin_trap:
-> 2305     result = fn(*args, **kwargs)
   2306 return result

File C:\Python310\lib\site-packages\IPython\core\magics\execution.py:707, in ExecutionMagics.run(self, parameter_s, runner, file_finder)
    705     if os.name == 'nt' and re.match(r"^'.*'$",fpath):
    706         warn('For Windows, use double quotes to wrap a filename: %run "mypath\\myfile.py"')
--> 707     raise Exception(msg) from e
    708 except TypeError:
    709     if fpath in sys.meta_path:

Exception: File `'../../fake_tweepy/fake_tweepy.ipynb.py'` not found.

Load your developer access passwords#

To use this on your real twitter account, copy your developer access passwords into the code below, replacing our fake passwords.

# Load all your developer access passwords into Python
# TODO: Put your twitter account's special developer access passwords below:
bearer_token = "n4tossfgsafs_fake_bearer_token_isa53#$%$"
consumer_key = "sa@#4@fdfdsa_fake_consumer_key_$%DSG#%DG"
consumer_secret = "45adf$T$A_fake_consumer_secret_JESdsg"
access_token = "56sd5Ss4tsea_fake_access_token_%YE%hDsdr"
access_token_secret = "j^$dr_fake_consumer_key_^A5s#DR5s"

Give tweepy (or fake_tweepy) your developer access passwords#

# Give the tweepy code your developer access passwords so
# it can perform twitter actions
client = tweepy.Client(
   bearer_token=bearer_token,
   consumer_key=consumer_key, consumer_secret=consumer_secret,
   access_token=access_token, access_token_secret=access_token_secret
)

Fake Tweepy is pretending to log in to twitter

Post a tweet#

Post something you learned in the class so far:

Remember, the code to post a tweet looks like this: client.create_tweet(text="This is the tweet text")

client.create_tweet(text="I learned to look at the answer key!")

Post from a variable#

Now try saving a piece of text in a variable, and then tweeting the whatever you saved in the variable.

To do this, where the code has client.create_tweet(text="This is the tweet text"), you’ll replace the quoted text with the variable name, so it will look like client.create_tweet(text=variable_name) (with whatever your variable name was instead of “variable_name”)

message_to_tweet = "something in a variable"
client.create_tweet(text=message_to_tweet)

Post multiple tweets#

Next try posting 5 tweets, but use sleep to add pauses between each one (if you make the pauses over 60 seconds, then the official “time” of the tweet should look different on the twitter interface).

client.create_tweet(text="message 1")
sleep(.01) #note: I am using short times since these pauses slow down compiling the book
client.create_tweet(text="message 2")
sleep(.02)
client.create_tweet(text="message 3")
sleep(.01)
client.create_tweet(text="message 4")
sleep(0.05)
client.create_tweet(text="message 5")

Social Media, Ethics, and Automation

Ch 3 (Twitter) Practice: Statements and Variables

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